Construction waste screening is a key link in realizing the resource utilization of construction waste. The following is relevant content about construction waste screening:
Screening equipmentVibrating screen: Use the vibration generated by the vibration motor to make the material reciprocate on the screen surface, thereby realizing the separation of materials of different particle sizes. It has the advantages of high screening efficiency and large processing capacity. It can be used for the preliminary screening of construction waste to remove slag and larger particles of debris23.
Construction equipment Construction waste screening vibrating screen
Drum screen: It is mainly composed of a cylinder, a support device, a driving device and a cleaning device. When working, the cylinder rotates, and the material enters the cylinder from one end, moves in a spiral direction under the action of gravity, and is graded through screens of different apertures. It has a small friction coefficient and the screen holes are not easy to be blocked. It is suitable for processing various types of construction waste and can separate materials of different particle sizes, providing convenience for subsequent processing.
Magnetic separator: Use magnetic force to separate iron metals from construction waste, such as steel bars and nails. It is one of the indispensable equipment in construction waste screening, which can effectively recycle metal resources and improve resource utilization17.
Wind separator: Use wind power to separate light materials such as plastics and paper from heavy materials such as bricks and concrete. According to the weight difference and aerodynamic characteristics of the materials, different materials are sorted under the action of wind power. It is usually used for further separation of light materials and heavy materials in construction waste17.
Screening process 1
Preliminary screening: First, the construction waste is screened manually to remove large pieces of debris and dangerous goods, such as wood, plastic, glass, etc., to ensure the accuracy and safety of subsequent mechanical sorting.
Crushing: After preliminary screening, the construction waste enters the crusher, such as impact crusher, jaw crusher, etc., to break the large pieces of construction waste into smaller particles for subsequent screening and sorting.
Screening and grading: The crushed materials are screened and graded by equipment such as vibrating screen or drum screen, and are divided into different grades according to the particle size. Smaller particles fall through the screen, and larger particles continue to move forward until they are discharged from the cylinder.
Magnetic separation: The screened materials enter the magnetic separator, and the magnetic force of the magnetic separator is used to separate the iron metal in it to achieve the recycling of metal resources.
Wind separation or other sorting: The magnetically separated materials are then passed through the wind separator or other sorting equipment, such as hydraulic flotation equipment, to further separate the materials according to their density, weight and other characteristics, to separate light materials from heavy materials, and to separate other valuable substances.
Artificial assisted sorting: For materials that are difficult to handle by mechanical sorting, artificial assisted sorting is used to carefully select the remaining mixture to ensure the accuracy of the final classification.
Method 3 to improve screening efficiency
Optimize the feeding system: ensure uniform feeding and reduce the entry of large debris to reduce the difficulty and pressure of subsequent processing. Loaders, grabs and other equipment can be used to evenly feed construction waste into the feeding hopper, and impurity removal devices can be set during the feeding process to remove larger debris.
Choose appropriate crushing equipment: Select the most suitable crushing machinery according to the specific situation of construction waste to improve crushing efficiency and quality. For example, for concrete blocks and bricks with higher hardness, impact crushers can be selected; for softer wood and plastics, shear crushers can be selected.
Maintain sorting equipment: Regularly check and maintain sorting equipment to ensure its accurate and efficient operation. Including checking the wear of the screen, the magnetic strength of the magnetic separator, the wind force of the wind separator, etc., timely replace severely worn parts to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.
Adopt advanced sorting technology: Introduce more advanced sorting technology, such as automatic control systems and intelligent monitoring systems, to improve sorting accuracy and work efficiency. Through the automated control system, remote monitoring and operation of the screening equipment can be achieved, thereby improving the degree of automation in the production process; the intelligent monitoring system can monitor the properties of the materials and the operating status of the equipment in real time, automatically adjust the equipment parameters according to the monitoring results, and optimize the screening process.
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