Jig machine

Jigging machine is a gravity separation equipment that separates materials by density in vertical pulsating water flow. The following is a detailed introduction about it:

Working principle

Potential theory of density stratification: According to the second law of thermodynamics, any closed system tends to reduce free energy. German Meyer believed that the stratification process of the bed is a process of potential reduction. When the bed is properly loose, heavy mineral particles fall and light mineral particles rise1.
Dynamic theory of stratification process: The cause of stratification is explored from the movement difference of individual particles. There are theories of stratification based on the difference in free settling velocity of particles, interference settling velocity difference, initial acceleration difference, and stratification based on interference settling-sucking action1.
Structural composition: It is mainly composed of machine body, screen plate, pulsation mechanism, discharge mechanism and bed detection device. The main working space in the machine body is the jig chamber; the screen plate is generally made of perforated steel plate, woven iron screen or grating; the pulsation mechanism is used to generate vertical pulsating water flow, and common driving methods include diaphragm, piston, compressed air, etc.; the discharge mechanism is responsible for discharging materials of different densities after stratification; the bed detection device is used to monitor the bed state for corresponding adjustments15.
Classification 1

Classification by pulsation source: can be divided into diaphragm jig, piston jig, pistonless jig, moving screen jig.
Classification by processed raw materials: can be divided into mining jig and coal jig.
Classification by sorting medium: can be divided into hydraulic jig and wind jig.
Classification by the movement state of the screen plate: can be divided into fixed screen jig and moving screen jig.
Classification by the shape of the jigging chamber: can be divided into circular jig and trapezoidal jig.
Application field 1

Metal ore dressing: It is widely used in the dressing of metal ores such as tungsten, tin, gold, iron, manganese, titanium, antimony, lead, tantalum, niobium, etc.
Coal dressing operation: It is one of the commonly used equipment in coal preparation plants, used to sort coal and improve coal quality.
Operation adjustment factor 1

Jig frequency and amplitude: Jigging frequency and amplitude determine the pulsation intensity and speed of water flow, which directly affects the looseness and stratification effect of the bed.
Bed thickness: Appropriate bed thickness helps to improve sorting efficiency and accuracy.
Air valve characteristics: The characteristics such as the opening and closing time and frequency of the air valve affect the supply and discharge of compressed air, and then affect the pulsation law of water flow.
Feeding amount: The feeding amount should be moderate, too much or too little will affect the sorting effect.
Air volume and water volume: The size of air volume and water volume needs to be reasonably adjusted according to the material properties and sorting requirements.
Discharge volume: The discharge volume should match the bed stratification and feeding volume to ensure that the stratified material is discharged in time.
Common Types 1

Diaphragm jig: The diaphragm replaces the piston. The transmission device is mostly an eccentric connecting rod mechanism, and there are also cam levers or hydraulic transmission devices. According to the installation position of the diaphragm, it can be divided into upper-moving type, lower-moving type and side-moving type diaphragm jigs, which are mainly used in metal ore dressing plants.